In 2022, 196 countries agreed to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030 under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted at the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) COP15. The deal is a historic one for nature and a breakthrough for conserving and restoring biodiversity and ensuring its sustainable use.
The Framework spurred unprecedented action, but progress remains insufficient, and biodiversity destruction continues at an unprecedented rate. Human actions are destroying healthy ecosystems, and consequently threatening our food security, resilience to climate change, and clean air, water and soils.
Decisive action within this decade is critical. The EU is therefore committed to the swift and full implementation of the Global Biodiversity Framework.
What’s at stake? Life on Earth as we know it...
Biodiversity is about saving our life support systems. Healthy biodiversity means healthy people, food and water security. Nature is also our best ally in tackling the climate crisis.
Right now, we’re destroying nature faster than ever. If we don’t change course, all of humanity will be put at risk.
Discover why nature needs you, and why we need nature too.
1 million species are at risk of extinction
Humans have radically changed ¾ of the Earth’s surface
75% of the world’s crops depend on pollinators
Half of global GDP depends on nature
Global goals and targets
The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) has clear, measurable goals and targets, with complete monitoring, reporting, and review arrangements to track progress. A robust resource mobilisation package complements it.
The GBF aims to increase biodiversity financing from all sources (domestic, international, public and private) via Target 19, mobilising at least $200 billion per year by 2030. In particular, Target 19a commits to increasing biodiversity-related financial resources for developing countries, including official development assistance, to $30 billion per year by 2030. Through Target 18, the GBF also aims to reduce harmful incentives by $500 billion per year.
A new Fund established under the Global Environment Facility (GEF) is open to financing from all sources.
The Cali Fund was established at COP16 to ensure fair and equitable sharing of benefits from using digital information on genetic resources. The Fund enables companies and users of digital sequence information (DSI) to contribute meaningfully to global biodiversity conservation.
See the key global targets for 2030
- Restore 30% of all degraded ecosystems globally (on land and sea)
- Conserve and manage 30% of land, waters and seas (terrestrial, inland water, and coastal and marine areas)
- Halt human-induced extinction of threatened species and ensure recovery and conservation of species
- Reduce risk from pesticides by at least 50%
- Reduce nutrients lost to the environment by at least 50%
- Reduce pollution risks and negative impacts of pollution from all sources to levels that are not harmful to biodiversity and ecosystems
- Reduce theglobal footprint of consumption
- Sustainably manage areas under agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries, and forestry, including by substantially increasing agroecology and other biodiversity-friendly practices
- Minimise the impact of climate change, including through nature-based solutions
- Reduce the rate of introduction and establishment of invasive alien species by at least 50%
- Secure the safe, legal and sustainable use and trade of wild species
- Increase benefit sharing from the use of genetic resources to support biodiversity conservation and its sustainable use
Related reports
Summary for Policymakers of the IPBES Business and Biodiversity Assessment | Zenodo
Scaling Up Biodiversity‑Positive Incentives | OECD
Scaling Up Private Action for Nature | OECD
State of Finance for Nature 2026: Key Messages | UNEP
The Commission also participates in various coalitions, including the High-Ambition Coalition for Nature and People, the Biodiversity Financing Initiative (BIOFIN)
Implementation
All countries, including the EU and all its Member States, must implement the GBF through domestic and international action.
The EU has defined 45 EU goals to implement the 23 GBF global targets. They are based on a wide range of policy instruments, including the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 and the Nature Restoration Regulation.
All Parties to the CBD reported on their progress in February 2026 — a key source of information for the latest global report.
The EU’s 7th National Report on Biodiversity shows significant progress, but swifter action is needed. Two of the EU’s 45 targets have already been achieved, and 16 more are on track to be met by 2030.
Among others, the report confirms that the EU remains on track to double its international biodiversity funding to developing countries, increasing from €3.5 billion to €7 billion for the 2021-2027 period, solidifying the EU’s role as a global leader.
EU at CBD COPs
CBD COP16 took place in Cali, Colombia, in October 2024. Discover more about the outcomes and the EU's position.
Read Commissioner Roswall's full statement here.
The next Conference of the Parties will take place from 19 to 30 October 2026, in Yerevan, Armenia, preceded by a Leaders’ Summit on 15-16 October 2026.
It will conduct the Global Review of Implementation to assess whether national actions are sufficient to reach the global goals and targets for 2030 and 2050. The EU will continue to work towards the targets, turning biodiversity commitments into concrete action.
The EU is leading by example and will double external funding for biodiversity to 7 billion euros.
A comprehensive plan to put Europe’s biodiversity on a path to recovery by 2030
The first ever law to bring to life Europe’s degraded ecosystems
To make sure European consumption does not cause deforestation in other countries
A commitment to plant at least 3 billion additional trees in the EU by 2030
A framework and concrete measures to protect and restore soils, and ensure that they are used sustainably
EU cooperation
The EU cannot solve the current crisis alone — all countries must join forces. There is high public support for leaders to take bold action for climate, nature and people.
The EU is working with many partners to implement international commitments. Before COP15, Commission President Ursula von der Leyen endorsed the Leaders' Pledge for Nature, committing to halt and reverse biodiversity loss.
The Commission also joined the High Ambition Coalition for Nature and People — an intergovernmental coalition supporting an ambitious framework.
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